Thursday, February 25, 2021

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Blood glucose test


Blood glucose test 1
Blood glucose testing, also known as blood glucose self-monitoring (AMGS), is a method used to check how much glucose (sugar) is in the blood using a glucose meter, and can be done at any time and place. Your doctor can also check your glucose from a laboratory sample of blood.

  • Target ranges for adults (except pregnant women) *
  • Before meals    80-130 mg / dl (4.4-7.2 mmol / l)
  • After meals    Less than 180 mg / dl (10.0 mmol / l)

Your doctor uses the HbA1c (glycosylated hemoglobin) test to find out what your average blood glucose level has been over the past three months. This test, suitable for all types of diabetes, gives you and your doctor an indication of how well you are responding to the treatment plan. The recommended goal is to keep the level below seven percent (7%). Your doctor will tell you what the right goal is for you. The HbA1c test is sometimes called a hemoglobin A1c or glycated hemoglobin test.

The importance of self-analysis
Your HbA1c test result will not show the daily effects of your food choices and physical activity on your blood glucose levels. A glucose meter is a good way to learn about and monitor the immediate effects of food, physical activity, and other changes on your blood glucose levels, allowing you to take immediate action to bring your blood glucose levels down. place within the range recommended by your doctor. Your doctor may also use the results of your blood glucose meter, in addition to your HbA1c test result, to assess and adjust your treatment plan.


When to test *  and what to consider: a practical guide
Use this simple chart as a guide on when to test and what to watch out for to help control your blood glucose levels on a daily basis, especially if you are taking insulin for diabetes.



When to test    What to keep in mind
First thing in the morning, before eating or drinking    How your body / medication controls blood glucose at night
Before meals   
How effective is the dose of diabetes medicine between meals

Adjusting Your Food Choices (Carbohydrates) and Servings for Meal

Between one and two hours after meals    The effect of food or medicine on your blood glucose levels
Before physical activity   
Whether you should delay or postpone exercising

If you have a snack before you start exercising

During and after physical activity   
How Physical Activity Affects Blood Glucose

Whether activity has delayed effects on blood glucose

Before bedtime    If you need a snack before bed
Before driving    If you need to delay driving and take steps to drive safely
According to the suggestions of the healthcare professional    How well your treatment plan works




You may need to test your blood glucose more often *  if:

  • suffer from hypoglycaemia (low blood glucose) or hyperglycaemia (high blood glucose)
  • start taking new diabetes medications that have been prescribed for you
  • your dose of diabetes medicine has been adjusted
  • try new foods
  • is unwell or unwell

* Always check with your doctor when and how often you need to test your blood glucose.

How to Record Your Blood Glucose Results
You can always have a logbook close at hand in which to manually record your blood glucose measurements.
You'll find logbooks at your doctor's office, at healthcare centers, and even on the Internet. (Download one  here )
Always update your blood glucose records and bring them to doctor visits. They can be used by healthcare professionals to determine the right treatment plan for you.









How to Monitor Your Blood Sugar Level


If you have diabetes , it is important to control your blood sugarbloodat different times of the day and throughout the year. There are 3 tools that can help you do this and therefore control your diabetes: A blood test that is done every three months, blood tests that are done every day, and a system that constantly monitors yourglucose in blood.

The 3-month blood test is called an A1C test. This test reflects your blood sugar (or blood glucose) control for the past 2 to 3 months. The best way for you and yourdoctorunderstand how well controlled your blood sugar levels are by testing your A1C level every 3 months. Your doctor will likely be the one who will order an A1C test. However, you can also purchase over-the-counter A1C test kits that you can use at home. Your A1C goal will be determined by your doctor. However, the goal is generally less than 7% or 8%, depending on your age.

The daily blood test is done with a blood glucose monitor (BGM). This is also called a blood sugar meter, glucometer, or glucose meter. It is often called self-monitoring of blood glucose. Your doctor may prescribe a BGM, especially if your blood sugar fluctuates. They will show you how to use it.

A BGM measures the amount of glucose in a dropof blood at that particular moment. This tried and true test is done by taking a sample of your blood, usually from your finger. This process is calledpuncturedigital. The blood from your finger is placed on a test strip and read on the monitor. Fingertips need to be done several times a day and sometimes at night to get avisionAccurate your glucose levels. Using a blood glucose monitor for regular tests throughout the day can help you improve control of your blood sugar levels. The results you get from your fingerstick show if your blood glucose is within the range set by your doctor. You can use these results to make appropriate adjustments to your diet , activity ,insulinor the doses of other medications. In many cases, the BGM results can be uploaded to a computer for reporting.

The third type of monitoring is with a continuous glucose monitoring system (CGM). This new product allows people with diabetes to measure their blood glucose throughout the day. CGMs involve a small, easy-to-insert sensor that is worn for 14 days. The sensor has an adhesive that helps it adhere to your skin. The CGM also includes a transmitter. This can be a separate device or it can be built into the sensor. Some CGMs last longer than 14 days, but must be placed under your skin by your doctor.

A CGM also comes with a receiver or reader. This allows your computer or smartphone to receive the data from the transmitter. The data provides detailed information and trends about your blood glucose throughout the day. Based on that, you can predict dangerous ups and downs before they happen. This can help you make quick daily adjustments to stay in your target area. Some adjustments include changes in your eating habits and level of exercise . Also, this information can help you and your doctor make decisions about managing your diabetes. If you wish, the data can be shared with someone you trust.



The path to better health

What supplies do I need?
You will need a glucose meter, alcohol swabs, finger lancets sterilees (small needles) and sterile test strips. A CGM comes as a complete kit, which includes a sensor, a transmitter, and a receiver or reader.

How do I select a glucose meter?
Your doctor will make a recommendation. Check with your health insurance plan to find out if they will pay for your glucose meter. If so, your plan may only pay for a certain meter.

Compare prices and costs. Consider what features are important to you. For example, some meters are made for people with low vision. If you want to pay a little more money, you can get a meter that stores the results in its memory. This allows you to compare results from several days at a time.

How do I measure my blood sugar level?
Follow your doctor's advice and the instructions that come with your glucose meter. Different meters work differently, so be sure to check with your doctor for advice specific to you. With a BGM, you will normally follow the steps below:

  • Wash your hands and dry them well before testing.
  • Use an alcohol swab to clean the area to be punctured. In most glucose meters, the fingertip will be pricked. However, with some gauges, you can also use your forearm, thigh, or fleshy part of your hand. Ask your doctor which area to use with your meter.
  • Prick yourself with a sterile lancet to obtain a drop of blood. (If the tip of your finger is pricked, it may be easier and less painful to prick it on the side, not the fingertip.
  • Place the drop of blood on the test strip.
  • Follow the instructions to insert the test strip into your glucose meter.
  • The meter will give you a number for your blood sugar level.


If you have a CGM, you will follow the insertion instructions that come with the monitor. Once warmed up, the transmitter sends the data wirelessly to your computer or smartphone.

What if I can't get a drop of blood from a finger stick?
If you want to get blood from the tip of your finger, try washing your hands in hot water to get the blood flowing. Then let your hand hang below the level of yourheartduring a minute. Prick your finger quickly and then bring your hand back below the level of your heart. You can also try slowly squeezing your finger from base to tip.

How often should I test my blood glucose?
Your GP will recommend how often to test. Test times are based on the type of medicine you take and how well your blood sugar levels are controlled. You may need to check your blood sugar more often at first. In turn, you will need to check it more often when you feel sick or stressed, when you change your medicine, or if you are pregnant.

What do I do with the results?
You need to keep track of your results. There are several ways to do it. You can write them down in a log book. You can use a small notebook or ask your doctor for a blood test log book. Depending on the type of monitor you have, you may be able to keep track of the results on your computer or smartphone. Whichever method you use, you may also want to keep track of what you've eaten , when you took medications or insulin, and how active you've been during the day. This will help you see how these things affect your blood sugar level. Talk to your doctor about what is a good range for your blood glucose and what to do if it is not in that range.

What time of day should I take the test?

Recommendations for the best time of day to test your blood glucose will depend on your medications, meal times, and blood sugar control. Your doctor can provide you with a chart that tells you when to check your blood sugar and how high it should be. Your doctor may also suggest different goals, depending on your situation.


What do my blood glucose levels indicate?
Schedule for the test    It can be used to ...
Fasting blood glucose (FBG) overnight (3-4 am)    Adjust medication or long-acting insulin
Before a meal    Modify the food or medicine
1-2 hours after a meal    Learn how food affects blood sugar levels (often the highest blood sugar levels of the day *)
At bedtime    Adjust the diet or the medicine (last chance for the next 8 hours)

* Depends on the size of the meal and the amount of insulin in your medicine

Check your blood sugar level in the following cases:

  • You have symptoms of low blood glucose (hypoglycemia). This includes dizziness, tremors, sweating, chills, and confusion.
  • You have symptoms of high blood sugar (hyperglycemia), including drowsiness, blurred vision, frequent urination, and excessive thirst.
  • You have a job where poor glycemic control could cause safety concerns.
  • You need help deciding whether it is safe to drive or perform other tasks that require concentration if you are taking insulin or have had hypoglycemia in the past.
  • You must learn how food, physical activity, and medicine affect your blood glucose level.

When should I check my blood glucose more often?

  • If your diabetes medicine changes
  • If you start taking other types of medicines
  • If you change your diet
  • If you change your exercise routine or activity level
  • If your level of stress increases
  • If you are sick When you are sick, even without eating, your blood sugar levels can be high, so testing is important.

Follow your doctor's testing recommendations during this time. Continue testing more frequently until you have maintained your blood glucose targets for at least 1 week. Or continue testing until your doctor tells you that you no longer need testing as often.



Tips on blood glucose tests
For BGM, you must:


  • Pay attention to the expiration dates of the test strips.
  • Use a large enough drop of blood.
  • Check your meter batteries.
  • Make sure your meter is configured correctly.
  • Keep your meter clean.

For BGM and CGM:

  • Follow the instructions for the test carefully.
  • Write down the results and show them to your doctor.


Aspects to consider
Controlling your blood sugar level is critical to your overall health. Often the goal is to keep blood sugar levels low. But if they are too low, this can also put you in danger.

Hypoglycemia is the name of a condition in which the level of sugar in the blood is too low. Your blood sugar level can drop too low if you exercise more than usual or don't eat enough. You can also go too low if you don't eat on time or take too much insulin. Symptoms of hypoglycemia include:

  • Fatigue
  • Frequent yawning
  • Difficulty speaking or thinking clearly
  • Loss of muscle coordination
  • Sweating
  • Spasms
  • Convulsions
  • Sudden feeling of Fainting
  • Pallor
  • Loss of consciousness


How can I deal with an insulin reaction?
People with diabetes should carry at least 15 grams of a fast-acting carbohydrate with them at all times in the event of hypoglycemia or an insulin reaction. The following are examples of quick energy sources that can ease the symptoms of an insulin reaction:

  • Regular soda (not diet): ½ to ¾ cup
  • Fruit juice: ½ cup
  • Dried fruit: 2 tablespoons raisins
  • Milk: 1 cup
  • Candy: 5 Lifesavers candies
  • Glucose tablets: 3 tablets (5 grams each)

If you don't feel better 15 minutes after eating a fast-acting carbohydrate, or if your monitoring shows that your blood glucose is still too low, take another 15 grams of a fast-acting carbohydrate.

Teach your friends, co-workers, and family how to treat hypoglycemia, as you may need their help at times. Also, keep a supply of glucagon on hand. Glucagon comes in a kit with a powder and a liquid that you mix and then inject. Your blood glucose level will increase. If you are unconscious or unable to eat or drink, another person may give you ainjectionglucagon. Talk to your doctor about when and how to use glucagon.

If you use a CGM, remember that it collects data over many days. Even during the day, the data you see is from a few minutes earlier. Therefore, it is not the best option to show you what your blood sugar is at any given time. Sometimes you must use a fingerstick for an accurate and timely reading. These include when you are exercising and after you have taken insulin to correct a high glucose reading. Fingertips can also be a good backup for your CGM. Use them when your CGM sensor is warming up and when the sensor shows high or low readings. Also use them if you have symptoms of high or low blood glucose or if you suspect that your CGM is not working properly.

Questions to ask your doctor

  • How often should I check my blood glucose level?
  • What type of device should I use to monitor my blood glucose level?
  • Should I take medicine to lower my blood sugar?
  • Can you show me how to use a glucose meter?
  • Should I keep track of my daily results?

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Prediabetes - Diagnosis and treatment


Diagnosis
The American Diabetes Association (ADA) recommends diabetes screenings for most adults age 45 and older. The ADA advises that you get screened for diabetes before age 45 if you are overweight and have additional risk factors for prediabetes or type 2 diabetes.

There are several blood tests for prediabetes.

Glycated hemoglobin (A1C) test

This test shows the average blood glucose level for the last three months. The test measures the percentage of blood glucose bound to the oxygen-carrying protein in red blood cells called hemoglobin. The higher your blood glucose levels, the greater the amount of hemoglobin with sugar.

Usually:

  • An A1C level below 5.7% is considered normal
  • An A1C level between 5.7% and 6.4% is considered prediabetes
  • An A1C level of 6.5% or higher on two separate tests indicates type 2 diabetes

Certain conditions can make the A1C test inaccurate, such as if you are pregnant or have a rare type of hemoglobin.

Fasting blood sugar test
A blood sample is taken after a fast of at least eight hours or an overnight fast.

Usually:

  • A fasting blood glucose level below 100 milligrams per deciliter (mg / dl) (5.6 millimoles per liter [mmol / l]) is considered normal.
  • A fasting blood glucose level between 100 and 125 mg / dL (5.6 to 7.0 mmol / L ) is considered prediabetes. This result is sometimes called impaired fasting glucose.
  • A fasting blood glucose level of 126 mg / dL (7.0 mmol / L ) or higher indicates type 2 diabetes.


Oral glucose tolerance test
This test is often used to diagnose diabetes only during pregnancy. A blood sample is taken after a fast of at least eight hours or overnight. Then you will take a sugar solution and your blood glucose level will be measured again after two hours.

Usually:

  • A blood glucose level lower than 140 mg / dl ( 7.8 mmol / l ) is considered normal.
  • A blood glucose level between 140 and 199 mg / dl ( 7.8 to 11 mmol / l ) is considered prediabetes. This is often known as impaired glucose tolerance.
  • A blood glucose level of 200 mg / dl (11.1 mmol / l ) or higher indicates type 2 diabetes.
  • If you have prediabetes, your doctor will normally check your blood glucose levels at least once a year.

Children and prediabetes testing
Type 2 diabetes is becoming more common in children and adolescents, probably due to the increase in childhood obesity. The ADA recommends prediabetes testing for overweight or obese children who have one or more risk factors for type 2 diabetes.

These other risk factors include the following:

  • Family history of type 2 diabetes.
  • Race. African American, Hispanic, American Indian, Asian American, and Pacific Islander children are most at risk.
  • Low birth weight
  • Mother who had gestational diabetes.

The ranges of blood glucose levels considered normal, prediabetic, and diabetic are the same for children and adults.

Children with prediabetes should have yearly tests for type 2 diabetes, or more frequent if the child experiences a change in weight or develops signs or symptoms of diabetes, such as increased thirst, increased urination, fatigue or vision blurred.




Treatment
Healthy lifestyle choices can help bring your blood glucose level back to normal, or at least prevent it from rising toward the levels seen in type 2 diabetes.

To prevent prediabetes from progressing to type 2 diabetes, try the following

  • Eating healthy food. Choose foods that are low in fat and calories and high in fiber. Focus on fruits, vegetables, and whole grains. Eat a variety of foods that help you reach your goals without compromising taste or nutrition.
  • Be more active. Aim for at least 150 minutes of moderate aerobic activity or 75 minutes of vigorous aerobic activity per week.
  • Lose excess weight. If you are overweight, losing just 5% to 7% of your body weight - about 6.4 kilograms (14 pounds) if you weigh 91 kilograms (200 pounds) - can lower your risk of type 2 diabetes. weight in a healthy range, focus on permanent changes in your eating and exercise habits.
  • Quit smoking Smoking can increase your risk of developing type 2 diabetes.
  • Take the necessary medications. If you are at high risk for diabetes, your doctor might recommend metformin (Glumetza, others). Medications to control cholesterol and high blood pressure may also be prescribed.


Children and Treatment for Prediabetes
Children with prediabetes should make the recommended lifestyle changes for adults with type 2 diabetes, including:

  • Lose weight
  • Eat less refined carbohydrates and fats, and more fiber
  • Reduce portion sizes
  • Eating out less often
  • Spend at least an hour a day doing physical activity
  • Medication is generally not recommended for children with prediabetes unless lifestyle changes do not improve blood glucose levels. If a drug is needed, metformin (Glumetza, others) is usually the recommended drug.





Clinical studies
Explore Mayo Clinic studies testing new treatments, interventions, and tests to prevent, detect, treat, or manage this condition.

Alternative medicine
Many alternative therapies have been touted as possible ways to treat or prevent type 2 diabetes. But there is no definitive evidence that alternative treatments are effective. Therapies that have been said to be helpful in type 2 diabetes and are also likely to be safe include the following:

  • Cassia cinnamon
  • Flax
  • Ginseng
  • Magnesium
  • Oatmeal
  • Soy
  • Xanthan gum

If you are considering taking dietary supplements or other alternative therapies to treat or prevent prediabetes, consult your doctor. Some supplements or alternative therapies can be harmful when combined with certain prescription drugs. Your doctor can help you discuss the advantages and disadvantages of specific alternative therapies.

Preparation for the consultation
You will likely see your primary care physician first. They will most likely refer you to a doctor who specializes in treating diabetes (endocrinologist), a registered dietitian, or a diabetes educator.

Here is information to help you prepare for your appointment.

What can you do
Before your appointment, take these steps:

  • Ask about pre-appointment restrictions. You may need to fast for at least eight hours before your appointment so that your doctor can measure your fasting blood glucose level.
  • Make a list of the symptoms you've had and their duration.
  • Write down all the medications, vitamins, and supplements you take, including the dosages.
  • It lists key personal and medical information, including other conditions, recent life changes, and stressors.
  • Prepare questions to ask the doctor.

In the case of prediabetes, these are some basic questions to ask your doctor:

  • How can I prevent prediabetes from turning into type 2 diabetes?
  • Do I need to take medication? If so, what side effects can I expect?
  • I have other medical conditions. How can I control them together?
  • How much do I have to exercise each week?
  • Should I avoid any food? Can I continue to consume sugar?
  • Should I see a dietitian?
  • Can you recommend any local programs to prevent diabetes?


What to expect from the doctor
Your doctor will likely ask you a series of questions, such as the following:

  • Has your weight changed recently?
  • Do you exercise regularly? If yes, how long ago and how often?
  • Do you have a family history of diabetes?

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How to measure glucose in the blood


People with diabetes try to keep their blood glucose (sugar) level as close to normal as possible. Keeping your blood glucose level within the desired range can help prevent or delay the onset of diabetes complications, such as nerve, eye, kidney, and vascular damage.

Once you discover that you have diabetes, you and your doctor make a plan for your diabetes care. The goal of the plan is to balance the foods you eat, the exercises you do, and possibly the medications you take to treat diabetes (pills or insulin).

There are two kinds of checks to help you see how your plan is working. They are blood glucose controls and urine ketones controls.

Checks for monitoring blood glucose
Glucose monitoring is the main tool that we have to control diabetes. With this control, you can know your blood glucose level at any time. It is essential to keep a record of the results. When you review this record with your doctor, you will have a better idea of ​​how your body responds to your diabetes care plan. Blood glucose checks let you know what works and what doesn't. With that information, you and your doctor, dietitian, or diabetes educator can make the necessary changes.

Glycemic control
A1C:  <7.0%
  • Pre-prandial glucose (fasting): 70-130 mg / dl (5.0-7.2 mmol / l)
  • Post-prandial glucose (after eating):  <180 mg / dl (<10.0 mmol / l)
  • Blood pressure:  <130/80 mmHg

Lipids
  • LDL cholesterol:  <100 mg / dl (<2.6 mmol / l)
  • Triglycerides:  <150 mg / dl (<1.7 mmol / l)
  • HDL cholesterol:  > 40 mg / dl (> 1.1 mmol / l)
 

Who should carry out the checks?
Experts say that everyone with diabetes can benefit from measuring their blood glucose level. The American Diabetes Association recommends blood glucose monitoring if you have diabetes and if:

  • You need insulin or take diabetes pills
  • You are undergoing intensive insulin therapy
  • Are pregnant
  • Finding it very difficult to measure blood glucose levels
  • Have blood glucose levels that are too low or have ketones due to high blood glucose levels
  • You have low blood glucose levels but without the usual warning signs

Urine checks
Urine glucose tests are not as accurate as blood glucose tests. Urine glucose monitoring is not recommended unless blood glucose monitoring is impossible.

Testing your urine for ketones is different. That control is important when diabetes is out of control or when the person is sick. Moderate or large amounts of ketones can be detected in the urine when the body burns fat instead of glucose for food. This happens when there is very little insulin in the body. Everyone with diabetes needs to know how to check their urine for ketones.

How is glucose in the blood measured?
Your finger must be pricked with a special needle called a lancet to remove a drop of blood. With some gauges, you can also use your forearm, thigh, or a fleshy part of your hand. There are devices equipped with spring loaded lancets to make drawing blood less painful. Before using the lancet, wash your hands or the area chosen to draw blood with soap and water. If you use the fingertip, insert the needle into the area of ​​the fingertip closest to the nail to avoid pain in the part of the finger that you use most frequently.

How to control with a glucose meter?
Blood glucose meters (or glucometers) are small computerized devices that "read" glucose in the blood. On all meters, the blood glucose level appears as numbers on a screen (just like on a pocket calculator). Consult with your doctor or diabetes educator to teach you how to use the meter correctly. With all the advancements in blood glucose meters, using a glucometer is better than visual monitoring.

How to choose a glucometer?
There are many glucometers to choose from. There are glucometers for people with vision problems. Others include memory so you can save the results to the meter itself. The American Diabetes Association does not endorse or recommend any particular glucometer. If you plan to buy one, here are some questions to help you with your selection:

  • Which glucometer does your doctor or diabetes educator prefer? Perhaps there are some in particular that they use more often and know better.
  • How much does a glucometer cost? Some insurance companies only pay for certain models of glucometers. Before purchasing a meter, contact your insurance company and find out how to get a meter and supplies. If your insurance company does not cover glucose monitoring supplies, you can often get them at a discount at the place where the meter is purchased. In addition, you must also take into account the cost of the corresponding test strips and lancets. Check prices.
  • Is it easy to use the glucometer? The methods differ. Some have fewer steps than others.
  • Is it easy to maintain the glucometer? Is it easy to clean? How is the meter calibrated? That is, how do you properly fit the batch of test strips you are using?

How do I measure my blood glucose?


After washing your hands, insert the test strip into your meter.
Prick the side of your fingertip to get a drop of blood.
Touch and hold the tip of the test strip on the drop of blood, wait for the results.
Your blood glucose level will appear on the meter.

To avoid errors or bad measurements. Here is a list of problems that can cause the meter to read incorrectly:

  • A dirty meter
  • A meter or test strip that is not at room temperature
  • Expired test strips
  • An uncalibrated meter (that is, one that was not programmed to fit the test strip container in use)
  • A drop of blood too small
  • Check with your doctor to see if you are using the meter correctly, at least once a year. Over time, mistakes can be made.

How to record the results?
After you finish testing your blood glucose, write down the results and use them to see how diet, physical activity, and stress affect your blood glucose levels. Pay particular attention when checking your blood glucose log to see if the level is too high or too low for several days in a row and around the same time. If that situation recurs, it may be time to change the plan. Check with your doctor or diabetes educator to find out what the results mean for you. That takes time. Check with your doctor or nurse if you should immediately contact by phone, in case the recorded results are not within the desired parameters.

Be aware that blood glucose results often provoke strong emotions. Your blood glucose results can make you feel upset, confused, frustrated, angry, or depressed. It is common to be tempted to use the results to judge yourself. Remember that your blood glucose level is one way to see how your diabetes care plan is working. It is not an opinion about you as a person. The results will likely indicate that you need a change in your diabetes care plan.

How to detect ketones?
From time to time, you may need to test your urine for ketones. Ketones in the urine are an indication that the body is using fat for energy instead of glucose, because it does not have enough insulin to use glucose for energy. The presence of ketones in the urine is more common in type 1 diabetes.

Urinalysis is easy, but to get reliable results, you must follow the instructions carefully. Check that the test strip is not expired. Read the leaflet that came with the test strips. Go over the correct way again with your doctor or nurse.

The following is how most urine tests are done:

Place a urine sample in a clean container

Put the test strip in the sample (or you can put the test strip directly under the urine stream)
Gently remove excess urine from the test strip
Wait until the absorbent device on the test strip changes color. The instructions specify how long to wait
Compare the absorbent device on the test strip with the color chart on the test strip vial. This will give you a parameter of the amount of ketones in your urine
Take note of the results

What do those results mean?
If trace amounts or small amounts of ketones are detected, it may be the beginning of ketone build-up. In that case, wait a few hours and repeat the test. Large or moderate amounts are a sign of danger. Ketones alter the chemical balance of the blood and can poison the body. Never do physical activity if your urine tests detect moderate or large amounts of ketones and your blood glucose is high. Those are signs that diabetes is out of control. If your urinalysis results show moderate or large amounts of ketones, see your doctor immediately.

It is important that you keep a record of the results and related episodes. The logbook provides the information that you, your doctor, and your diabetes educator need to tailor your diabetes care plan to your needs.

When to perform the analysis?
Check with your doctor or nurse about when to check your urine. Your doctor will likely advise you to test your urine for ketones when:

  • Blood glucose level is above 300 mg / dl
  • Nausea, vomiting, or abdominal pain
  • You are sick (for example, you have a cold or the flu)
  • It feels continuously
  • Thirsty or very dry mouth
  • Has red skin
  • Difficulty breathing
  • Your breath smells "fruity"
  • You feel confused or "groggy"

Check with your doctor as these can be signs of high ketone levels.